How to configure linux ftp server step by step guide Example and Implementation

ftp server is used to transfer files between server and clients. All major operating system supports ftp. ftp is the most used protocol over internet to transfer files. Like most Internet operations, FTP works on a client/ server model. FTP client programs can enable users to transfer files to and from a remote system running an FTP server program.
Any Linux system can operate as an FTP server. It has to run only the server software—an FTP daemon with the appropriate configuration. Transfers are made between user accounts on client and server systems. A user on the remote system has to log in to an account on a server and can then transfer files to and from that account's directories only.
A special kind of user account, named ftp, allows any user to log in to it with the username “anonymous.” This account has its own set of directories and files that are considered public, available to anyone on the network who wants to download them.
The numerous FTP sites on the Internet are FTP servers supporting FTP user accounts with anonymous login. Any Linux system can be configured to support anonymous FTP access, turning them into network FTP sites. Such sites can work on an intranet or on the Internet.

Configuring the ftp Server

The vsftpd RPM package is required to configure a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system as an ftp server. If it is not already installed, install it with rpm commands as described in our pervious article. After it is installed, start the service as root with the command service vsftpd start . The system is now an ftp server and can accept connections. To configure the server to automatically start the service at boot time, execute the command chkconfig vsftpd on as root. To stop the server, execute the command service vsftpd stop. To verify that the server is running, use the command service vsftpd status.

Configure vsftpd server

In this example we will configure a vsftpd server and will transfer files from client side.
For this example we are using three systems one linux server one linux clients and one windows xp clients. To complete these per quest of ftp server Follow this link

per quest of vsftpd server

• A linux server with ip address 192.168.0.254 and hostname Server
• A linux client with ip address 192.168.0.1 and hostname Client1
• A window client with ip address 192.168.0.2 and hostname Client2
• Updated /etc/hosts file on both linux system
• Running portmap and xinetd services
• Firewall should be off on server

We have configured all these steps in our pervious article.

necessary configuration for vsftpd server

We suggest you to review that article before start configuration of ssh server. Once you have completed the necessary steps follow this guide.

Three rpm are required to configure ssh server. vsftpd, portmap, xinetd check them if not found then install

Now check vsftpd, portmap, xinetd service in system service it should be on

#setup
Select System service from list
[*]portmap
[*]xinetd
[*]vsftpd

Now restart xinetd and portmap and vsftpd service


To keep on these services after reboot on then via chkconfig command

After reboot verify their status. It must be in running condition

Create a normal user named vinita

Login for this user on other terminal and create a test file

On Linux client

ping from ftp server and run ftp command and give username and password

after login you can download files from the specified directories

Most commonly commands used on ftp prompt are

put     To upload files on server
get     To download files from server
mput    To upload all files
mget    To download all files
?       To see all available command on ftp prompts
cd      To change remote directory
lcd     To change local directory

On window clients

Now go on window clients and create a file. copy con command is used to create files on window. To save use CTRL+Z

Now ping from ftp server and invoke ftp session from server, login from user account and download as well as uploads files

Enable root account for ftp session and set permission on user

By default on vsftpd server root account is disable. You cannot login from root account.

Now we will enable root account for ftp session and same time we will disable our normal user vinita to use ftp sessions.

open file /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers . Users whose name are set in this file will not allowed to login from ftp.

By default this file have an entry for root that why root are not allowed to use ftp. remove root from list and add user vinita

Now remove entry form /etc/vsftpd/user_list files. Users whose names are set in this file are also not allowed to login from ftp even they are not prompt for password.


By default this file have an entry for root that way root is denied form login even not asked for password remove root from list and add user vinita

After saving change in these files restart the vsftpd service

Now go on client system and login from root this time root will login

Now try to login form user vinita she should not prompt form password also

How to set login banner for ftp server

To set login banner open /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf file and search for this tag

Uncomment this tag and set your banner and save file , and restart the vsftpd service

Go on client system and check banner it will appear before user login

How to configure linux ssh server step by step guide Example and Implementation

Telnet and FTP are well-known protocol but they send data in plain text format, which can be captured by someone using another system on the same network, including the Internet.
On the other hand, all data transferred using OpenSSH tools is encrypted, making it inherently more secure. The OpenSSH suite of tools includes ssh for securely logging in to a remote system and executing remote commands, scp for encrypting files while transferring them to a remote system, and sftp for secure FTP transfers.
OpenSSH uses a server-client relationship. The system being connected to is referred to as the server. The system requesting the connection is referred to as the client. A system can be both an SSH server and a client. OpenSSH also has the added benefits of X11 forwarding and port forwarding.
X11 forwarding, if enabled on both the server and client, allows users to display a graphical application from the system they are logged in to on the system they are logged in from.
Port forwarding allows a connection request to be sent to one server but be forwarded to another server that actually accepts the request.
In this article we will discusses how to use OpenSSH, both from the server-side and the client-side.

Configuring the ssh Server

The openssh-server RPM package is required to configure a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system as an OpenSSH server. If it is not already installed, install it with rpm commands as described in our pervious article. After it is installed, start the service as root with the command service sshd start . The system is now an SSH server and can accept connections. To configure the server to automatically start the service at boot time, execute the command chkconfig sshd on as root. To stop the server, execute the command service sshd stop. To verify that the server is running, use the command service sshd status.

Configure ssh server

In this example we will configure a ssh server and will invoke connection from client side.
For this example we are using two systems one linux server one linux clients . To complete these per quest of ssh server Follow this link

per quest of ssh server

• A linux server with ip address 192.168.0.254 and hostname Server
• A linux client with ip address 192.168.0.1 and hostname Client1
• Updated /etc/hosts file on both linux system
• Running portmap and xinetd services
• Firewall should be off on server

We have configured all these steps in our pervious article.

necessary configuration for ssh server

We suggest you to review that article before start configuration of ssh server. Once you have completed the necessary steps follow this guide.

Three rpm are required to configure ssh server. openssh-server, portmap, xinetd check them if not found then install

Now check sshd, portmap, xinetd service in system service it should be on

#setup
Select System service from list
[*]portmap
[*]xinetd
[*]sshd

Now restart xinetd and portmap and sshd service


To keep on these services after reboot on then via chkconfig command

After reboot verify their status. It must be in running condition

Create a normal user named vinita

On Linux client

ping from ssh server and run ssh command and give root password

By default ssh command will enable root session. If you want to login from normal user then specify his name with -l options.

With ssh you can run any command on server without login (user password require)

How to configure linux telnet server step by step guide Example and Implementation

telnet server is used to login into another system. You can use the telnet command to log in remotely to another system on your network. The system can be on your local area network or available through an Internet connection. Telnet operates as if you were logging in to another system from a remote terminal. You will be asked for a login name and password. In effect, you are logging in to another account on another system. In fact, if you have an account on another system, you could use Telnet to log in to it.
You invoke the Telnet utility with the keyword telnet. If you know the name of the site you want to connect with, you can enter telnet and the name of the site on the Linux command line.
CAUTION The original version of Telnet is noted for being very insecure. For secure connections over a network or the Internet, you should use the Secure Shell (SSH). We will cover SSH server in next article. SSH operate in the same way as the original but use authentication and encryption to secure the Telnet connection. Even so, it is advisable never to use Telnet to log in to your root account. That why by defaults root account is disable for root login.

Configure telnet server

In this example we will configure a telnet server and will invoke connection from client side.
For this example we are using three systems one linux server one linux clients and one window clients. To complete these per quest of telnet server Follow this link

per quest of telnet server

• A linux server with ip address 192.168.0.254 and hostname Server
• A linux client with ip address 192.168.0.1 and hostname Client1
• A windows xp system with ip address 192.168.0.2 and hostname Client2
• Updated /etc/hosts file on both linux system
• Running portmap and xinetd services
• Firewall should be off on server

We have configured all these steps in our pervious article.

necessary configuration for telnet server

We suggest you to review that article before start configuration of telnet server. Once you have completed the necessary steps follow this guide.

Four rpm are required to configure telnet server. telnet, telnet-server, portmap, xinetd check them if not found then install

Now check telnet, portmap, xinetd service in system service it should be on

#setup
Select System service from list
[*]portmap
[*]xinetd
[*]telnet

Now restart xinetd and portmap service

To keep on these services after reboot on then via chkconfig command

After reboot verify their status. It must be in running condition

Create a normal user named vinita

On Linux client

ping from telnet server and run telnet command and give user name and password

On Window client

ping from telnet server and run telnet command

Give user name and password

How to enable root login from telnet server

On linux server open file securetty

In the end of file add pts/0 to enable one telnet session for root. if you need to open more telnet session for root and add more pts/1 pts/2 and so on.

Now restart xinetd and portmap service

Verfiy from window by login from root

How to configure linux print server step by step guide Example and Implementation

Linux uses the Common UNIX Printing System, also known as CUPS. CUPS uses the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) to allow local printing and print sharing. The /etc/cups/ directory stores all the configuration files for printing. However, these files can be easily managed with the Printer Configuration Tool in Linux.
Exam question Raw (Model) printer named printer1 is installed and shared on 192.168.0.254. You should install the shared printer on your PC to connect shared printer using IPP Protocols.
Exam question Raw printer named printerx where x is your station number is installed and shared on server1.example.com. Install the shared printer on your PC to connect shared printer using IPP Protocols. Your server is 192.168.0.254.

Before you can use any printer, you first have to install it on a Linux system on your network. To start the Printer Configuration Tool, go to the System menu on the top panel and select Administration, Printing or execute the command system-config-printer.

If no printers are available for the system, only the Server Settings view is available for selection. If local printers are configured, a Local Printers menu will available.

Install new printer

click New Printer on the toolbar.

In the dialog window that appears, accept the default queue name or change it to a short, descriptive name that begins with a letter and does not contain spaces. Then select printer from list and click on forward and click on finsh.

spool directories
When your system prints a file, it makes use of special directories called spool directories. The location of the spool directory is obtained from the printer's entry in its configuration file. On Linux, the spool directory is located at /var/spool/cups under a directory with the name of the printer.
print job
A print job is a file to be printed. When you send a file to a printer, a copy of it is made and placed in a spool directory set up for that printer.
classes
CUPS features a way to let you select a group of printers to print a job instead of selecting just one. That way, if one printer is busy or down, another printer can be automatically selected to perform the job. Such groupings of printers are called classes. Once you have installed your printers, you can group them into different classes.

Once you have successfully installed local printer it will show in right pane. and in left pane you can see all administrative options.

• To view shared printer on other system Tick mark on first option
• To share locally attached printer tick mark on second option
• To allow remote administration of this printer check mark on third option

Tick mark on appropriate option and click on apply

configure window clients

Go on window system and ping from printer server and open internet explorer and give the ip address of server with printer port 631

This will launch CUPS web application click on manage printer

now you will see the shared printer on server click on print test page

A test page will be send on printer server copy this url of printer

click on start button select printer and fax and click on add new printer. this will launch add new printer wizard click next on welcome screen and select network printer

On this screen select internet printer and paste the url which you copied from internet explorer

Install appropriate driver from list or use have disk option you have drive cd and click next. On next screen set this printer defaults and click on next and finish.

Remote administration of print server

Go on linux system and ping from server and click on printing from administration menu

Now click on go to server

Now give print server ip address

It will take few minute to connect from server depending on network speed

Now give root password to connect printer server

you can see all print administrative Manu in right pane Once you have connected with sever

configure Linux clients

Go on linux system and ping from server and click on printing from administration menu

Now click on new printer

Click on forward In the next New Printer screen, select the type of connection to internet printing protocols and in hostname give server ip and printer name in printername

select the appropriate model. If multiple drivers are available, select the one most appropriate for your configuration. If you do not want to choose the default and click forward and finish. The main Printer Configuration window should now include the name of your printer.

To print test page click on print test page and a test page will send to print server

Managing Printers from the Command-Line

The lpadmin command enables you to perform most printer administration tasks from the command-line.

lpc      To view all known queues
lpr      To send print requests to any local print queue
lpq      To see the print queue
lprm     To delete the jobs of your choice use it  with the job number
lp       To print any file.